php - How to enable "dev" bundles so that they are available during testing, on the "test" environment?

Solution:

Simply enable the bundles for multiple environments:

For example:

// config/bundles.php
Doctrine\Bundle\FixturesBundle\DoctrineFixturesBundle::class =>
    [
        'dev' => true,
        'test' => true
    ],
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You still install (require) the packages with the--dev flag, which simply means that they are not installed when you create the installable version for production (composer install --no-dev).

If you need dev dependencies while testing, then the "testing" environment can't be identical to production. Either you install those dependencies on production but leave them disabled them onbundles.php, or you accept that there are going to be slight differences in these environments.

Practically, they are never going to be identical. For example, you require phpunit on dev, but obviously do not want in prod.